Pythagoras of Samos Biography

Pythagoras of Samos Biography Pythagoras, a Greek mathematician and logician, is most popular for his work creating and demonstrating the hypothesis of geometry that bears his name. Most understudies recollect it as follows: the square of the hypotenuse is equivalent to the total of the squares of the other different sides. Its composed as: a 2 b2 c2. Early Life Pythagoras was conceived on the island of Samos, off the shoreline of Asia Minor (what is presently for the most part Turkey), around 569 BCE. Very little is known about his initial life. There is proof that he was knowledgeable, and figured out how to peruse and play the lyre. As an adolescent, he may have visited Miletus in his late young years to concentrate with the thinker Thales, who was an elderly person, Thaless understudy, Anaximander was giving talks on Miletus and perhaps, Pythagoras went to these talks. Anaximander took an extraordinary enthusiasm for geometry and cosmology, which impacted the youthful Pythagoras. Odyssey to Egypt The following period of Pythagorass life is somewhat confounding. He went to Egypt for quite a while and visited, or if nothing else attempted to visit, huge numbers of the sanctuaries. At the point when he visited Diospolis, he was acknowledged into the organization subsequent to finishing the customs essential for affirmation. There, he proceeded with his training, particularly in arithmetic and geometry. From Egypt in Chains Ten years after Pythagoras showed up in Egypt, relations with Samos self-destructed. During their war, Egypt lost and Pythagoras was taken as a prisoner to Babylon. He wasntâ treated as a wartime captive as we would think of it as today. Rather, he proceeded with his training in arithmetic and music and dove into the lessons of the ministers, learning their holy ceremonies. He turned out to be amazingly capable in his investigations of arithmetic and sciences as instructed by the Babylonians. A Return Home Followed by Departure Pythagoras in the long run came back to Samos, at that point went to Crete to read their legitimate framework for a brief timeframe. In Samos, he established a school called the Semicircle. Inâ about 518 BCE, heâ founded another school in Croton (presently known as Crotone, in southern Italy). With Pythagoras at the head, Croton kept up an internal hover of supporters known as mathematikoi (clerics of science). These mathematikoi lived for all time inside the general public, were permitted no close to home belongings and were exacting veggie lovers. They got preparing just from Pythagoras, following exacting rules. The next layer of the general public was known as the akousmatics. They lived in their own homes and just went to the general public during the day. The society contained the two men and women.â The Pythagoreans were an exceptionally clandestine gathering, keeping their work out of open talk. Their inclinations lay in math and common way of thinking, yet in addition in transcendentalism and religion. He and his internal circle accepted that spirits relocated after death into the groups of different creatures. They imagined that creatures could contain human spirits. Therefore, they considered eating to be as cannibalism.â Commitments Most researchers realize that Pythagoras and his adherents didnt study arithmetic for indistinguishable reasons from individuals do today. For them, numbers had an otherworldly significance. Pythagoras encouraged that everything is numbers and saw numerical connections in nature, craftsmanship, and music. There are various hypotheses credited to Pythagoras, or if nothing else to his general public, yet the most popular one,â the Pythagorean hypothesis, may not be completely his innovation. Obviously, the Babylonians had understood the connections between the sides of a correct triangle in excess of a thousand years before Pythagoras found out about it. In any case, he invested a lot of energy dealing with a proof of the theorem.â Other than his commitments to arithmetic, Pythagorass work was fundamental to stargazing. He felt the circle was the ideal shape. He likewise understood the circle of the Moon was slanted to Earths equator, and concluded that the night star (Venus) was equivalent to the morning star. His work affected later space experts, for example, Ptolemy and Johannes Kepler (who detailed the laws of planetary movement). Last Flightâ During the later long periods of the general public, it clashed with supporters of majority rules system. Pythagoras censured the thought, which brought about assaults against his gathering. Around 508 BCE, Cylon, a Croton honorable assaulted the Pythagorean Society and promised to obliterate it. He and his adherents oppressed the gathering, and Pythagoras fled to Metapontum. A few records guarantee that he ended it all. Others state that Pythagoras came back to Croton a brief timeframe later since the general public was not cleared out and proceeded for certain years. Pythagoras may have inhabited least past 480 BCE, potentially to age 100. There are clashing reports of the two his introduction to the world and passing dates. A few sources think he was conceived in 570 BCE and kicked the bucket in 490 BCE. Pythagoras Fast Facts Conceived: ~569 BCE on SamosDied: ~475 BCEParents: Mnesarchus (father), Pythias (mother)Education: Thales, AnaximanderKey Accomplishments:â first mathematician Sources Britannica: Pythagoras-Greek Philosopher and MathematicianUniversity of St. Matthews: Pythagoras BiographyWikipedia Altered via Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Market government Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Market government - Article Example Anyway the by and large acknowledged view brings up to the lodging air pocket to be the prime explanation. Everything began with the breakdown of Lehman Brothers and immediately entered into the market causing disturbance and framework crash. This downturn didn't happen because of a business cycle that for the most part influences every single economy. Various reasons underlie this specific instance of budgetary emergency including that of the stuns emerging in the general business cycles which has been instrumental in upsetting the work showcase balance in the United States. The whole issue of the monetary emergency is to be surveyed from all the edges of financial aspects including the neoclassical, blended liberal and the extreme perspectives to have a point of view of the whole occasion. This paper will edify the different viewpoints set forward by the various schools of considerations and in like manner place their perspectives in the accompanying sections. The Neo Classical financial experts base their hypotheses on the microeconomic standards which incorporate the improvement of the people and firms and to decide the balance cost and yield in the economy utilizing the market powers of interest and gracefully. The hypothesis thinks about that the individuals settle on normal choices dependent on the data that they have about the market. The neoclassical financial specialists clarify the variances in the economies because of the upswing of the business cycles in the economy (Blanchard, 2000). The monetary factors that for the most part carry on in a specific manner so as to bring about a downturn have acted in a most uncommon way if there should be an occurrence of this specific budgetary emergency. The degree of utilization, yield venture just as the work of work was a lot of low. By examination of the monetary factors it was discovered that the emergency of the current time frame is considerably more serious contrasted with that of th e Great Depression of 1937 or whatever other downturns that have occurred on the planet. The drop in the degree of

Beacon Hill in the Fall

Beacon Hill in the Fall .condensedlines{line-height: 10%;font-size: 20%;} Northeast of the more frequently mentioned Harvard Bridge is the Longfellow Bridge, which connects MIT to Boston from the Stata Center side of campus. Here is the view from the Longfellow Bridge from the MIT side. MIT is behind us, the Charles River is below us, and Boston is in front of us. One of my favorite places in the world is the gold hill under the Financial District, to the right at the Boston end of the bridge. Beacon Hill is vines and fire escapes up brick walls, streetlights leaning against steep slopes on narrow brick and stone streets; it is hidden alleyways, tiny doors, and secret gardens we aren’t allowed into. It is my and Cory’s favorite place to go when we need an escape, especially in the late evening hours just before midnight. Beacon Hill is very quiet for a neighborhood in a city. Vines reach up into the darkness. Trees whisper above us. The yellow streetlights barely color the grasses between the cobblestones, and happy laughter flutters down to us at street level from upstairs in the houses and patios overlooking secret courtyards. Being here at night is like dreaming. Pretty houses, pretty fencesâ€"it is our unattainable, magical red-green village. Here are some photos of Beacon Hill this fall.                             Here is Charles Street, the louder main street from which the others climb up. *       * Period Furniture Hardware, in the fourth photo, has a vast display of doorknobs facing the street. I am sharing it with you because 1. There is a store on Charles Street that partly specializes in doorknobs, cabinet knobs, faucet handles, and other knobs. This is almost as impressively specific as the store in Harvard Square that specializes in bees (one of our favorite stores). 2. I absolutely hate doorknobs. Here is the Longfellow Bridge again, now facing Cambridge. MIT is just to the left of the frame.   And the east side of MIT.

Definition Essay - Genre - 1750 Words

Definition Essay – Genre Genre, in the most generic definition, takes the meaning kind; sort; style (OED). Prior to the terms inception, the notion of genre in the study of media emerged in The Poetics, with Aristotles discussion of the mode or manner of imitation in poetry. Of this Aristotle writes, the medium being the same, and the objects [of imitation] the same, the poet may imitate by narration - in which case he can either take another personality as Homer does, or speak in his own person, unchanged - or he may present all his characters as living and moving before us (Aristotle, 53). Here lies the distinction between epic, lyric, and drama, a distinction based solely in convention, the usage of the medium,†¦show more content†¦It is a French word imported directly into the English language, derived from the Latin genus (the stem is gener-), itself derived from the Greek genos (OED). Having evolved separately, the Greek word and the Greek idea converged. The Greek root-word, like its Latin relative, refers to a clan or race of people, or to offspring (Liddell Scott Lexicon). This sense of familial interconnectedness is essential to genre theory. Frye writes: It is clear that criticism cannot be a systematic study unless there is a quality in literature which enables it to be so. We have to adopt the hypothesis, then, that just as there is an order of nature behind the natural sciences, so literature is not a piled aggregate of works, but an order of words (Frye, 17). In conceiving of literature as a unified order of words, Frye requires a system of genres which will encompass the entire medium, expressing each the entire state of literature at a given moment, all its bloodlines. One might extend this idea of kinship to objects within any given medium, as in literature each novel bears a relation to other novels, or across several media, as a Western film may bear relation to a similar comic-book or radio drama. From this first approach, it makes more sense to think about genres in a medium or the genres of a medium, than to think of genre as a medium. Based on the questions raised in Aristotles discussion, one might assemble a definition of genre moreShow MoreRelatedResponse to Towards a Definition of Creative Nonfiction by Brett Lott761 Words   |  4 PagesIn his essay â€Å"Toward a Definition of Creative Nonfiction†, Brett Lott attempts to describe the genre of creative nonfiction by explaining that there is essentially no definitive model. He begins by presenting an abstract definition of the genre which he later molds and amends with additions to become a much more comprehensive working definition. 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Alexander Pope wrote poetry. His favorite topic was informative. In this poem the first fourteen lines are about pride, stanza two is about the lack of learning. He also talks about wit, judging a book by the cover, how hard it is to

Fraud An Example Of A False Statement Of Facts,...

Fraud in a contract occurs in three situations, false statement of facts, affirmative act , or silence. An example of a false statement could be if a contractor decides to knowingly overbilled a client or bill someone for work that was not done. If someone were to pay to have a new roof put on their house and the contractor put on cheap shingles and charged for the most expensive shingles this would be fraud under false statements.An affirmative act in contract fraud comes from trying to knowingly cover something up or misrepresent during the making of a contract. An example of an affirmative act would be when a person is selling a house and they know there is water damage in the basement, if they try to cover the damage up with paint or a carpet and not tell the buyer about it that would be fraud. The last type of contract fraud is silence. Silence fraud is when the seller fails to disclose information to the buyer. An example of silent contract fraud would be if a person is sell ing a car, the seller does not tell the buyer that they used special oil in the engine to make it sound better, but the oil is damaging and cannot be used long term. B) Minor’s Right in a Contract to Disaffirm Minors are people who are under the age of 18 and they have special rights when it comes to contract law. The general rule when it comes to minors in contract law is that any contract is voidable at the option of the minor, in comparison to an adult who is always bound by the contract. TheShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law5479 Words   |  22 Pagesdefined:- Section 13 of the contract act 1872 defines the term ‘consent’ and lays down that â€Å"Two or more person are said to consent when they agree upon the same thing in the same sense† . Thus, consent involves identity of minds or consensus ad-idem i.e., agreeing upon the same thing in the same sense. 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Objectives ................................................................................. Membership in the Adventist Youth Society ............................. Adventist YouthRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesinto account. In addition, the English itself has an archaic feel to it and I have sometimes updated rather antiquated expressions. For the present I have left in example sentences referring to long-disappeared stores, such as Kingsway but these will eventually need to be replaced. It was originally prepared in Ibadan and some of the examples re flect this. Cultural and monetary references may well induce nostalgia in those familiar with the more recent history of Nigeria1. Web publication is therefore

The Progression of Transgender Rights in the Workplace Free Essays

Since 1975, Congress has considered amending Title VII to include a ban on employment discrimination based on sexual orientation. Most of the first employment discrimination cases brought by transgenders were dismissed because there is no federal law designating transgender as a protected class, or specifically requiring equal treatment for transgendered people. Until recently, Title VII’s lack of legislative history and failed attempts by Congress to introduce or pass gender identity employment discrimination legislation left courts with little reason to deviate from precedent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Progression of Transgender Rights in the Workplace or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recent landmark cases have demonstrated that courts can successfully transcend societal prejudices and expand sex discrimination to cover discrimination against transgendered people. For the most part, gender discrimination cases arise under Title VII because it is enforceable against a vast majority of employers. In contrast, two of the cases discussed below include claims based on the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause which protects only against discrimination by government employers. Smith v. City of Salem Jimmie Smith is a transsexual, diagnosed with Gender Identity Disorder (GID)[i]; he was born a biological male, but has a female sexual identity. After being diagnosed he began expressing a more feminine appearance on a full-time basis, including while at work at the Salem Fire Department. Smith notified his immediate supervisor when co-workers began questioning his appearance and commenting that his mannerisms were not masculine enough. Smith requested the conversation be kept confidential. Against his wishes, the chief of the fire department was informed, followed by the law director of the city. During a meeting with the City’s executive body on April 18, 2001, the likelihood of Smith completing a physical transformation from male to female was discussed, along with a plan to terminate his employment. The group agreed to require Smith to participate in three psychological evaluations in hopes that he would resign or refuse to comply. On April 20, legal counsel retained by Smith informed the City’s executive body of the legal ramifications of proceeding with their plan. Six days later Smith was suspended for a full twenty-four hour shift based on an alleged infraction of department policy. Smith viewed the suspension as a pretext for sex discrimination and as retaliation for obtaining legal counsel and filing a compliant with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). As a result of these incidents he filed suit against the City of Salem under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. [ii] The trial court dismissed the suit on the grounds that Title VII protection is unavailable to transsexuals. [iii] On appeal, the Sixth Circuit of the Supreme Court reversed the district court ruling, noting that it relied on a series of pre-Price Waterhouse decisions. iv] In such cases federal appellate courts regarded Title VII as barring discrimination based only on sex, not on gender. The landmark case of Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins[v], established a claim of sex stereotyping for employees who suffer adverse action for failing to conform to the stereotypical gender expectations. Based on this decision, the Sixth Circuit opinion states, After Price Waterhouse, an employer who discriminates again a woman because, for instance, they do not wear dresses or make-up, is engaging in sex discrimination because the discrimination would not occur but for the victim’s sex. It follows that employers who discriminate against men because they do wear dresses and makeup, or otherwise act femininely, are also engaging in sex discrimination, because the discrimination would not occur but for the victim’s sex. [vi] The Sixth Circuit held that a self-identified transsexual can sue for sex discrimination under Title VII on the basis of discrimination due to non-stereotypical behavior and appearance and therefore, Smith’s transsexual identity did not affect his well-pleaded claims of sex stereotyping and gender discrimination. The case outcome also established that successful plaintiffs no longer have to be members of a protected class; all they must show is behavior stereotypical to that class to qualify for protection as a member of that class. Less than a year later the Sixth Circuit affirmed their decision in Barnes v. City of Cincinnati. [vii] The district court also dismissed Smith’s claims pursuant to 42 U. S. C.  § 1983 on the ground that he failed to state a claim based on the deprivation of a constitutional or federal statutory right. The Sixth Circuit found that the facts Smith alleged to support his claims of gender discrimination pursuant to Title VII easily constituted a claim of sex discrimination grounded in the Equal Protection Clause of the Constitution, pursuant to  § 1983. Therefore, the the district court’s dismissal Smith’s Equal Protection Clause claim was reversed. Barnes v. City of Cincinnati In 1998, Phillip Barnes, a police officer with the Cincinnati Police Department (CPD) since 1981, passed a promotional test to become a sergeant. At the time he was living as a pre-operative male-to-female transsexual. While on duty Officer Barnes lived as a male but often lived off duty as a woman. Following the promotion he began a standard probationary period intended to allow superior officers to observe newly appointed sergeants to determine whether the person should remain in the position. After being subjected to a rigorous training program Barnes failed his probationary period. Throughout the probationary period Sgt. Barnes was subject to more intense and formalized training than other sergeants. Examples of such unequal treatment included an increased number of shifts, being required to wear a microphone and ride in a car with a video camera. Inappropriate comments about his sexuality and sexual preferences were a common occurrence. Barnes was the only person to be put in a Sergeant Field Training Program and the only one to fail probation between 1993 and 2000. Barnes claimed his failure of probation was due to illegal sex discrimination based on his failure to conform to sex stereotypes and filed a compliant with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, followed by a suit against the City of Cincinnati. In Barnes v. City of Cincinnati [viii] the jury returned a verdict in Barnes’s favor in the amount of $320,511 and the Southern District of Ohio court awarded $527,888 in attorney’s fees and $25,837 in costs. Barnes made a prima facie case for sex discrimination asserting the CPD violated Title VII by subjecting him to disparate treatment and by maintaining a work environment that was hostile to him because of his sex. Price Waterhouse established Title VII prohibits discrimination against a man because he fails to conform to the stereotypes associated with being male. The CPD argued they demoted Barnes not because of his failure to conform to sex stereotypes, but because he failed to comply with grooming and uniform standards and did not display the appropriate command presence. The City appealed and in 2005 the United States Court of Appeals affirmed the judgment of the district court. [ix] Schroer v. Billington Ex-Special Forces Colonel David Schroer was the dream candidate for the position of Specialist in Terrorism and International Crime with Congressional Research Service (CRS) at the Library of Congress. However, three weeks prior to his anticipated start date, he was informed that the job offer had been rescinded. He received this news the day after a lunch meeting with the selecting official Charlotte Preece, during which he revealed that he was transgender and had made the decision to pursue sex reassignment surgery. [x] Schroer, now legally Diane, filed an administrative compliant with the Equal Employment Office of the Library of Congress, alleging sex discrimination under Title VII but was unsuccessful. Schroer then sued and after a bench trial in August 2008 the District Court for the District of Columbia found in her favor. Judge James Robertson held that discrimination on the basis of changing sex was discrimination on the basis of sex, and prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Although Schroer had already been diagnosed with GID, he applied for the position before he changed his legal name or began presenting as a woman. He believed if he started work at CRS as a woman it would be less disruptive and this decision prompted him to schedule the lunch meeting with Preece. Due to the classified nature of the job position Preece was concerned with Schroer’s ability to get security clearance. Her perception of David Schroer as especially masculine, because of his prior Army and Special Forces background, made it difficult for her to visualize Diane Schroer as anyone other than a man in a dress. Preece admitted that she believed that others at CRS, as well as Members of Congress and their staffs, would not take Diane Schroer seriously because they, too, would view her as a man in women’s clothing. Schroer’s original complaint[xi] alleged only that her non-selection was the direct result of her disclosure of her gender ysphoria but in an amended complaint[xii] asserted that she was discriminated against because when presenting herself as a woman, she did not conform to Preece’s sex stereotypical notions about women’s appearances and behavior. Judge Robertson concluded that Schroer was entitled to judgment based on Price Waterhouse claim for sex stereotyping and additionally she was entitled to judgment based on the language of the statute itself. Evidence established that the library revoked the job offer after learning a man named David intended to become a woman, thereby discriminating on the basis of sex. The government was ordered to pay $183,653 for back pay and benefits, $300,000 for non-pecuniary losses, and $7,537. 80 for past monetary losses. Schroer was awarded the maximum amount allowed, nearly $500,000. Glenn v. Brumby Vandiver Elizabeth Glenn, formerly known as Glenn Morrison, began working as a Legislative Editor for the Georgia General Assembly’s Office of Legislative Counsel (OLC) in 2005. The same year she was diagnosed with GID and in preparation for sex reassignment surgery began living as a woman outside of the workplace. The following year Glenn informed her immediate supervisor of her intentions. Glenn’s plan to undergo gender transition from male to female was relayed to Sewell Brumby, the head of the OLC. After confirming that Glenn intended to transition, Brumby immediately terminated her. Brumby believed the change would be disruptive and that co-workers may find it morally unacceptable, thereby making them uncomfortable. [xiii] Glenn filed a federal lawsuit in Georgia asserting that she was treated differently due to the nonconformity with gender stereotypes that she evidenced by her determination to live in accordance to her female gender identity. xiv] She filed suit pursuant to 42 U. S. C.  § 1983 for violations of her rights under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment[xv] of the U. S. Constitution which requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. In August 2010 the trial court granted relief to Glenn on the basis of sex discrimination and ordered that she be reinstated to her job. [xv i] However, Brumby appealed the decision and all parties agreed that for the duration of the appeal process Glenn would receive full salary and benefits in lieu of returning to work. In December 2011, the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit ruled to uphold the lower court ruling that the Georgia General Assembly discriminated against Glenn. Although Glenn chose to pursue only a remedy for the Fourteenth Amendment violation, the Eleventh Circuit still drew upon U. S. Supreme Court cases interpreting Title VII to reach its conclusion. [xvii] Whether purposely or not, the Supreme Court in Price Waterhouse provided transgender plaintiffs with a claim for relief under Title VII and had sweeping implications for transsexual employment rights. Although the case did not directly address transsexualism, it expanded on the meaning of sex under Title VII. In the time since, transgenders have successfully started bringing claims for discrimination using the Price Waterhouse sex stereotyping theory. As a result transgender discrimination issues have transcended to broader legislation such as the Equal Protection Clause. The legal status of transsexuals in the workplace is complicated and often uncertain; however the protections for transsexuals continue to multiply as litigation sets precedent for equality. How to cite The Progression of Transgender Rights in the Workplace, Papers

Data Mining Security and Crime Data

Question: Discuss about the Data Mining Security and Crime Data. Answer: Introduction Data mining is referred to as an advanced technology that is widely used in different business organizations to extract hidden but predictive information from the data server. In order to make knowledge driven decisions data mining tools are needed to be used appropriately by the organizations. While implementing the data mining tools in different business organizations, different security measures are required to be considered by the researchers as the data stored in the data server are all very much sensitive. In case, data is hijacked by external users then that is considered as crime. In order to conduct the research the background of the problems, aim, objectives, a previous study, research methodologies and the collected data will be analyzed by the researchers. Data mining on the crime domain In order to aid the procedure of crime as well as criminal investigation, different crime control applications are developed. Certain extracted factors such as seriousness, frequency, duration are used to make comparison between the criminals by measuring the data accordingly. According to Ismail et al. (2013), a regional crime analysis program should be proposed to mitigate the challenges. While extracting data from the server, proper security measures are needed to be adapted to be adapted by the users as well as by the owners (Sood, Garg and Palta 2016). Particularly for crime data analysis, the data mining approach is undertaken as an algorithm. Depending on the profiles, that should be analyzed to determine the criminals and their crime, proper comparison is also conducted. For accelerating the crime solving process, many developers have used K-mean clustering crime pattern detector (Win, Tianfield and Mair 2014). Two-phase clustering algorithm or AK mode is also used by some de velopers to find out automatically similar case subsets from large dataset (Shea and Liu 2013). Role played by data processing technique In order to produce high quality data mining results, data processing technique is found to be very much useful. As, raw data are collected from different resources and get stored into database management system or data warehouse, thus those data are needed to be well processed for further important usage (Wang et al. 2015). The steps of data processing include data cleaning, data integration, data transformation and data reduction. Sagiroglu and Sinanc (2013) stated that in the initial phase, the missing data are collected and the noisy data are smoothened, unnecessary data is removed and the conflicting data are resolved. In the integration phase, the information are integrated together with normalization and transformation, to get better results regarding the data. Clustering method for crime domain Three main classification of partition clustering method are k-means, AK-means and the expectation maximization method. Depending on the mean values, the data clusters are segmented with the help of K-means. From the internal distance among the objects, the mean value is calculated (Ward and Peppard 2016). The steps of k-mean and AK-mean algorithms are completely separate from one another. Sood, Garg and Palta (2016) stated that, in order to find out the mean value, K-means algorithm acts as a base for the clustering algorithm; whereas, for automatically finding same subsets from a large data set, AK mode algorithm is widely used. Data mining as an active investigator for crime solving For serving the crime investigation appropriately, data mining provides active solutions to the users and service providers also. In order to detect crime data mining technology is used by different business organizations (Teller, Kock. and Gemunden 2014). For automatically associate objects into the crime records concept space clustering technique is used by the developers. In order to detect fraud different abnormal activities deviation detection technology is used. (Jaber et al. 2015). For detecting email spamming, classification approach and to perceive deceptive data in the criminal records string comparator has been widely used. Moreover, it can be said that security in data mining approach and detection of crime data are necessary to understand the challenges very easily. Data mining security measures According to Ismail et al. (2013), security is referred to as one of the major concern that is required to be considered by different business organizations, those are using data warehouse or normal database management system to store the confidential information. For the current business perspective, data theft is another major issue. In case of data mining approach, the security of data server is one of the major concerns. While extracting data from the storage areas with the help of data mining tools, proper authentication is required to be considered so that the unauthenticated users are failed to hijack private information. Once the data get theft is called cybercrime, because the hackers hacked the sensitive information from the storage area. Figure 1: Data processing (Source: Wang et al. 2015, pp. 310) Hypothesis H0: Security in data mining is needed be incorporated for the consumer security. H1: Security in data mining is not needed be incorporated for the consumer security. Research methodology Before the initiation of research, it is very much important to select suitable methodology for data mining security and crime data. The selection methodology deals with research philosophy, approach, research design and data collection method. Research philosophy Based on the category of the topic data mining security and crime data the researcher should adapt positivism research philosophy and not interpretivism. This particular philosophy helps to accomplish the research work by developing hypothesis, after considering previous studies. For this case, the researcher needs not to develop new frameworks and theories. This research work is focused on the need of security in data mining to reduce the range of cybercrime all over the world. Research design Three different types of research design approaches such as descriptive, explanatory and exploratory are used by researcher while developing academic research works. In this case, the researcher must consider descriptive research design and not explanatory and exploratory as it deals with previously mentioned research aim and issues very clearly. Research approach Two different types of research approaches such as deductive and inductive are used by the researchers while developing research proposal. Inductive approach is time taken and is conducted by using secondary data. In this case, the researcher needs to complete the research work within a specified time thus; the researcher needs to adapt deductive research approach. Data collection For different research works, two different kinds of data collection methods such as primary and secondary are found. The data those are collected from the similar field of study are referred to as primary data whereas; if the data are collected from various journals, Articles, books then that is known as secondary data collection approach. Based on the types and collection approaches, the data are divided into two different forms such as qualitative and quantitative data. Statistically analyzed data are quantitative data and the data those cannot be analyzed statistically are called qualitative data (Treiman 2014).For this research topic, both qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches will be used by the researcher. Quantitative data will be collected from different survey and qualitative data will be collected by conducting direct interviews with top-level management authorities of different business organizations that uses data mining technique to extract information from the data server. Sampling and Data analysis Sampling is referred to as a procedure where, a particular part from the entire population is selected under the study area of the research topic. Probability sampling and non-probability sampling these two types of sampling technologies are used by different researchers. For this case, Probability sampling technique will be used by the researcher. Time schedule development Before conducting the research, the researcher must consider appropriate time schedule that is provided in the following table. However, with the changing requirement some of the schedules might be changed during the progress period. The Research activities Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Proper understanding of the problem area of data mining security and crime data Literature review Research methodology Data collection Sampling and Data analysis Research findings Conclusion Conclusion From the overall discussion, it can be concluded that in order to identify the crime pattern. The usage of data mining technology is increasing at a rapid scale. Data mining tool is used to detect crime data but cannot be used to replace the risks from the core business area. Currently most of the medium to large organization uses the concept of data warehousing to store data with security. Technologies provide high range security measures but still due to certain lags in the organizational goal, the data stored in the database or data warehouse might be hacked and misused by the criminals. In order to mitigate these security relevant issues, the businesses should incorporate proper encryption keys, authentication approach at the same time. The encryption key will encrypt the data and thus only the authenticated users will be able to get the access of the data and none of the unauthenticated users will be able to access it. References Brown, J. and Stowers, E. (2013). Use of Data in Collections Work: An Exploratory Survey.Collection Management, 38(2), pp.143-162. Eaton, S. 2013. The Oxford handbook of empirical legal research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(6), pp.548-550. Ismail, M.N., Aborujilah, A., Musa, S. and Shahzad, A., 2013, January. Detecting flooding based DoS attack in cloud computing environment using covariance matrix approach. 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